SAT閱讀文章當中出現(xiàn)的目的題有的是基于整篇文章的，問的是這篇文章的目的是什么。有的是基于段落或句子的，詢問段落或句子的目的是什么。此處我們探討基于篇章的目的題。同理，涉及到整篇文章的題目，我們都要掌握文章的大意脈絡(luò)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上問自己：文本的目的是要說服讀者嗎?還是為了反駁什么觀點?抑或只是介紹一種新觀點?可以先試著自己描述下文本的目的。

  請看下面的例子：

  President Richard Nixon resigned his office on August 9, 1974. His decision followed the revelation that five men connected to the Nixon administration were caught breaking into the headquarters of the opposing political party. At the time of Nixon’s resignation, proceedings had already begun in Congress to impeach him and seemed likely to succeed.

  Good evening. This is the 37th time I have spoken to you from this office, where so many decisions have been made that shaped the history of this Nation. Each time I have done so to discuss with you some matter that I believe affected the national interest. Throughout the long and difficult period of Watergate, I have felt it was my duty to persevere—to make every possible effort to complete the term of office to which you elected me. In the past few days, however, it has become evident to me that I no longer have a strong enough political base in the Congress to justify continuing that effort. As long as there was such a base, I felt strongly that it was necessary to see the constitutional process through to its conclusion; that to do otherwise would be unfaithful to the spirit of that deliberately difficult process, and a dangerously destabilizing precedent for the future. But with the disappearance of that base, I now believe that the constitutional purpose has been served. And there is no longer a need for the process to be prolonged.

  I would have preferred to carry through to the finish,whatever the personal agony it would have involved, and my family unanimously urged me to do so. But the interests of the nation must always come before any personal considerations. From the discussions I have had with Congressional and other leaders I have concluded that because of the Watergate matter I might not have the support of the Congress that I would consider necessary to back the very difficult decisions and carry out the duties of this office in the way the interests of the nation will require.

  I have never been a quitter. To leave office before my term is completed is abhorrent to every instinct in my body.But as President, I must put the interests of America first.America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress, particularly at this time with problems we face at home and abroad. To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. Therefore, I shall resign the Presidency effective at noon tomorrow. Vice President Ford will be sworn in as President at that hour in this office.

  By taking this action, I hope that I will have hastened the start of that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America. I regret deeply any injuries that may have been done in the course of the events that led to this decision. I would say only that if some of my Judgments were wrong, and some were wrong, they were made in what I believed at the time to be the best interest of the Nation.As I recall the high hopes for America with which we began this second term, I feel a great sadness that I will not be here in this office working on your behalf to achieve those hopes in the next two and a half years. But in turning over direction of the Government to Vice President Ford, I know,as I told the nation when I nominated him for that office ten months ago, that the leadership of America would be in good hands.

  So let us all now join together in affirming that common commitment and in helping our new President succeed for the benefit of all Americans. I shall leave this office with regret at not completing my term but with gratitude for the privilege of serving as your President for the past five and a half years. These years have been a momentous time in the history of our nation and the world. They have been a time of achievement in which we can all be proud, achievements that represent the shared efforts of the administration, the Congress and the people. But the challenges ahead are equally great. And they, too, will require the support and the efforts of the Congress and the people, working in cooperation with the new Administration.

  May God's grace be with you in all the days ahead.

  題目：

  Nixon’s primary purpose in delivering this speech was most likely to

  (A) ask the American public for their forgiveness for his mistakes.

  (B) announce his resignation and offer an explanation to the public.

  (C) condemn the press for trying him in the court of public opinion before all the facts were available.

  (D) express his full confidence in Vice President Ford.

  解析：其實從文本斜體字的介紹內(nèi)容部分，就可以得知這篇演講與尼克松辭去美國總統(tǒng)職務(wù)相關(guān)。文中也在多出提及不得不辭去總統(tǒng)職務(wù)的局面，選項B合適。

  Practice

  This passage is adapted from Edith Wharton, The House of Mirth, originally published in 1905.Selden paused in surprise. In the afternoon rush of the Grand Central Station his eyes had been refreshed by the sight of Miss Lily Bart.

  It was a Monday in early September, and he was returning to his work from a hurried dip into the country; but what was Miss Bart doing in town at that season? If she had appeared to be catching a train, he might have inferred that he had come on her in the act of transition between one and another of the country-houses which disputed her presence after the close of the Newport season; but her desultory air perplexed him. She stood apart from the crowd, letting it drift by her to the platform or the street, and wearing an air of irresolution which might, as he surmised, be the mask of a very definite purpose. It struck him at once that she was waiting for someone, but he hardly knew why the idea arrested him. There was nothing new about Lily Bart, yet he could never see her without a faint movement of interest: it was characteristic of her that she always roused speculation,that her simplest acts seemed the result of far-reaching intentions.

  An impulse of curiosity made him turn out of his directline to the door, and stroll past her. He knew that if she did not wish to be seen she would contrive to elude him; and it amused him to think of putting her skill to the test.“Mr. Selden—what good luck!”She came forward smiling, eager almost, in her resolve to intercept him. One or two persons, in brushing past them,lingered to look; for Miss Bart was a figure to arrest even the suburban traveler rushing to his last train.

  Selden had never seen her more radiant. Her vivid head,relieved against the dull tints of the crowd, made her more conspicuous than in a ball-room, and under her dark hat and veil she regained the girlish smoothness, the purity of tint,that she was beginning to lose after eleven years of late hours and indefatigable dancing. Was it really eleven years, Selden found himself wondering, and had she indeed reached the nine-and-twentieth birthday with which her rivals credited her?“What luck!” she repeated. “How nice of you to come to my rescue!”

  He responded joyfully that to do so was his mission in life, and asked what form the rescue was to take.“Oh, almost any—even to sitting on a bench and talking to me. One sits out a cotillion—why not sit out a train? It isn't a bit hotter here than in Mrs. Van Osburgh's conservatory—and some of the women are not a bit uglier.”She broke off, laughing, to explain that she had come up to town from Tuxedo, on her way to the Gus Trenors' at

  Bellomont, and had missed the three-fifteen train to Rhinebeck. “And there isn't another till half-past five.” She consulted the little jeweled watch among her laces. “Just two hours to wait. And I don't know what to do with myself. My maid came up this morning to do some shopping for me, and was to go on to Bellomont at one o'clock, and my aunt's house is closed, and I don't know a soul in town.” She glanced plaintively about the station. “It is hotter than Mrs.Van Osburgh's, after all. If you can spare the time, do take me somewhere for a breath of air.”

  He declared himself entirely at her disposal: the adventure struck him as diverting. As a spectator, he had always enjoyed Lily Bart; and his course lay so far out of her orbit that it amused him to be drawn for a moment into the sudden intimacy which her proposal implied.

  題目1：

  Which of the following provides the most reasonable summary of the passage?

  (A) Two close friends meet to spend the day together.

  (B) A traveler notices a woman acting suspiciously.

  (C) Two acquaintances unexpectedly run into one another.

  (D) A couple prepare to board a train for a romantic getaway.

  題目2：

  Selden’s attitude towards Lily Bart is primarily one of

  (A) attraction.

  (B) fascination.

  (C) disdain.

  (D) pity.

  題目3：

  Over the course of the passage, the main focus of the narrative shifts from the

  (A) grim and suspicious attitude of one character to the gregarious behavior of another.

  (B) meticulous plans laid by one character to the carefree adventures enjoyed by another.

  (C) appreciation of abstract beauty to the enjoyment of living in the moment.

  (D) private thoughts of one character about another to a friendly interaction between the two.

  答案：CBD

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